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Showing posts from March, 2018

axmail

In axmail char username[20]; char fullname[31]; ...         /* Strip SSID */         if (local) {                 pw = getpwuid(getuid());         } else {                 strcpy(callsign, call);                 strcpy(username, callsign);                 strlwr(username);                 p = strchr(username, '-');                 if (p) *p = '\0';                 pw = getpwnam(username);         } ...                 if (local) {                         strcpy(username, pw->pw_name);                         strcpy(callsign, username);                 }                 /* Strip full name from the gecos field... */                 if (strchr(pw->pw_gecos, ',') == NULL)                         strcpy(fullname, pw->pw_gecos);                 else                         strcpy(fullname, strtok(pw->pw_gecos, ",")); This seems to be a common legacy code bug - assumptions about username/gecos lengths etc.

Forensics Bugs (#2 rifitui)

rifitui is a tool to recover Windows recycle bins.   int currrecoff;   int recordsize; ...   pread( info2_file, fourbytes, 4, 0x0C );   recordsize = bah_to_i( fourbytes, 4 );   record = malloc( recordsize ); ...   while (eof == 0) {     res = pread( info2_file, record, recordsize, currrecoff );     if (res < recordsize) {       eof = 1;     } else {       filename = record + 0x04;       index = bah_to_i( record+0x108, 4 );       drive = bah_to_i( record+0x10C, 4 );       deltime = win_time_to_unix( record+0x110 );       deltm = localtime( &deltime );       year = deltm->tm_year + 1900;       mon = deltm->tm_mon + 1;       sprintf( ascdeltime, "%02d/%02d/%02d %02d:%02d:%02d", mon, deltm->tm_mday, year, deltm->tm_hour, deltm->tm_min, deltm->tm_sec );       filesize = bah_to_i( record+0x118, 4 );       printf( "%d%s%s%s%d%s%s%s%d\n", index, delim, ascdeltime, delim, drive, delim, filename, delim, file

Forensics Bugs (#1 recoverjpeg)

recoverjpeg     const char *buffer = file_name(dir_format, file_format, begin_index + i);       i++;       if (verbose) {         printf("%s %ld bytes\n", buffer, (long) size);       }       fdout = open(buffer, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);       if (fdout < 0) {         fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open %s for writing\n", buffer);         exit(1);       } ... Writes to an output file (e.g., image00000.jpg) and doesn't check for it being a symlink - hence an attacker could create a symlink pointing to a privileged file that the person running recoverjpeg has write access to. This is mitigated in /tmp /var/tmp by the Linux kernel, but it's still a bug.

unhide (part #3)

Stack overflow in unhide. There is a mismatch between the maxpathlen from a readlink (it gets both sizes wrong in any case). An attack scenario might be that a rootkit is installed by an attacker then gets code execution (again presumably) when the sysadmin tries to "unhide" the rootkit. char cmdcont[1000] ; ...      char proc_exe[512] ; ...       sprintf(mypath,"/proc/%d",my_pid);       statuscmd = stat(mypath, &buffer) ;       if ((statuscmd == 0) && S_ISDIR(buffer.st_mode))       {          pid_exists[N_PROC] = TRUE ;          strcat(mypath,"/exe") ;          length = readlink(mypath, cmdcont, 1000) ;          if (-1 != length)          {             cmdcont[length] = 0;   // terminate the string //            printf("cmdcont(proc_exe) = %s\n", cmdcont) ;   //DEBUG             strcpy(proc_exe,cmdcont) ;          }          else          {             strcpy(proc_exe,"unknown exe") ;          }    

unhide (part #2)

In the unhide source we have the following lines of code // sysctl kernel.pid_max int maxpid = 32768 ; Lets look at what my Linux system that has unhide says. # sysctl kernel.pid_max kernel.pid_max = 131072 More code in unhide: unsigned int proc_parent_pids[65536] ; char *proc_tasks[65536]; char *ps_pids[65536]; char *messages_pids[65536]; char message[1000] ; char description[1000] ; int ps_count = 0 ; This looks like it's assuming 16bit PIDs.. I won't investigate further, but it's likely to be a problem that will allow for a rootkit to bypass unhide.

unhide (part #1)

In the Linux package unhide, which is rootkit detection software. // Temporary string for output char scratch[1000] ; char cmdcont[1000] ; ...                size_t length ;                char myexe[512] ;                sprintf(myexe,"%s%s/exe",mypath,directory); //               printf("%s\n",myexe);                length = readlink(myexe, cmdcont, 1000) ; This use of readlink() is in a few places in the code. The trouble is that PATH_MAX isn't 1000. # getconf -a|grep PATH_MAX PATH_MAX                           4096 _POSIX_PATH_MAX                    4096 This probably leads to a rootkit bypass for unhide.

chkrootkit (part #4)

In chkrootkit #define MAX_ID 99999 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {         int             fh_wtmp;         int             fh_lastlog;         struct lastlog  lastlog_ent;         struct utmp     utmp_ent;         long            userid[MAX_ID]; ...         for (i=0; i<MAX_ID; i++)                 userid[i]=FALSE; ...                 if (*uid > MAX_ID)                 {                    fprintf(stderr, "MAX_ID is %ld and current uid is %ld, please check\n\r", (long int)MAX_ID, (long int)*uid );                    exit (1);                 } uid gets set by getpwnam(). On modern systems, it can be 32bits. Much higher than MAX_ID of 99999. If your backdoored account has a high uid, it won't be detected in lastlog/wtmp rootkit detection. This is not unusually bad of chkrootkit. It's just old code that hasn't been maintained.

chkrootkit (part #3)

In chkrootkit          if (!quiet)     {       signal(SIGALRM, read_status);       alarm(5);     } ... void read_status() {    double remaining_time;    static long last_total_bytes_read=0;    int diff;    diff = total_wtmp_bytes_read-last_total_bytes_read;    if (diff == 0) diff = 1;    remaining_time=(wtmp_file_size-total_wtmp_bytes_read)*5/(diff);    last_total_bytes_read=total_wtmp_bytes_read;    printf("Remaining time: %6.2f seconds\n", remaining_time); /*    signal(SIGALRM,read_status);    alarm(5); */ } I'll just quote the man page for signal() DESCRIPTION        The behavior of signal() varies across UNIX versions, and has also var‐        ied historically across different versions of Linux.   Avoid  its  use:        use sigaction(2) instead.  See Portability below. Is it a security bug? Unlikely. Is it a bug? Maybe. Should it be fixed? Yes, if you want to maintain it..

chkrootkit (part #2)

Subsequently to the previous bug  http://blog.infosectcbr.com.au/2018/03/chkrootkit.html int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {         int             fh_wtmp;         int             fh_lastlog;         struct lastlog  lastlog_ent;         struct utmp     utmp_ent;         long            userid[MAX_ID];         long            i, slot;         int             status = 0;         long            wtmp_bytes_read;         struct stat     wtmp_stat;         struct s_localpwd       *localpwd;         uid_t           *uid;     int         quiet = 0;         char wtmpfile[128], lastlogfile[128];         memcpy(wtmpfile, WTMP_FILENAME, 127);         memcpy(lastlogfile, LASTLOG_FILENAME, 127);         while (--argc && ++argv) /* poor man getopt */         {            if (!memcmp("-f", *argv, 2))            {               if (!--argc)                  break;               ++argv;               memcpy(wtmpfile, *argv, 127);            }  

chkrootkit (part #1)

#ifdef __FreeBSD__  #define WTMP_FILENAME "/var/log/wtmp" #define LASTLOG_FILENAME "/var/log/lastlog" #endif #ifdef __OpenBSD__ #include <stdlib.h>  #define WTMP_FILENAME "/var/log/wtmp" #define LASTLOG_FILENAME "/var/log/lastlog" #endif #ifndef WTMP_FILENAME #define WTMP_FILENAME "/var/log/wtmp" #endif #ifndef LASTLOG_FILENAME #define LASTLOG_FILENAME "/var/log/lastlog" #endif So WTMP_FILENAME and LASTLOG_FILENAME are pretty bog standard C strings. int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {         int             fh_wtmp;         int             fh_lastlog;         struct lastlog  lastlog_ent;         struct utmp     utmp_ent;         long            userid[MAX_ID];         long            i, slot;         int             status = 0;         long            wtmp_bytes_read;         struct stat     wtmp_stat;         struct s_localpwd       *localpwd;         uid_t           *uid;  

Wireshark (#2)

In the packet-usbip.c dissector             num_of_devs = tvb_get_ntohl(tvb, offset);             offset += 4;             if (num_of_devs == 0)                 return expected_size;             if (tvb_captured_length_remaining(tvb, offset) < (gint) (0x138 * num_of_devs))                 return 0;             for (i = 0; i < num_of_devs; i++) {                 guint8 num_of_intf = tvb_get_guint8(tvb, offset + 0x137);                 int skip = num_of_intf * 4;                 expected_size += 0x138 + skip;                 offset += 0x138 + skip;             }             return expected_size; Integer overflow with 0x138 * num_of_devs. Does it lead to memory corruption? I'm not sure. Perhaps, perhaps not. I'm really more looking for the presence of input validation bugs as opposed to what they can affect.

2 bugs do make a right in Wireshark

Lets look at the current Wireshark source. table_length =  tvb_get_ntohl(tvb, offset); Looks like it's grabbing a 32bit integer.   tf = proto_tree_add_item(info_tree, hf_address_table_length, tvb, offset, 4, ENC_BIG_ENDIAN);   element_tree = proto_item_add_subtree(tf, ett_table_element);   EAT(4); And it uses up 4 bytes with that EAT(4).   if (wccp_wccp_address_table->in_use == FALSE) {     wccp_wccp_address_table->family = family;     wccp_wccp_address_table->table_length =  table_length;     /* check if the length is valid and allocate the tables if needed */     switch (wccp_wccp_address_table->family) {     case 1:       if (wccp_wccp_address_table->table_ipv4 == NULL)         wccp_wccp_address_table->table_ipv4 = (guint32 *)           wmem_alloc0(pinfo->pool, wccp_wccp_address_table->table_length * 4); We have an integer overflow in the alloc on 32 bit systems (where size_t is 32bits). These are potentially useful since you can